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Unusual Bile Duct Problems: The Sump Syndrome What is the Sump Syndrome? Do You Use CO2 and Water Immersion in Diagnostic Colonoscopies on a Daily Basis? 
Water Assisted-Colonoscopy (WAC or Hydrocolonoscopy) 
What is a Phrygian (Cap) Gallbladder? A phrygian cap is a normal anatomical variant where the gallbladder fundus folds back on itself, resembling the pointed cap worn in ancient Phrygia. It is typically incidental and requires no treatment. 
Where Does the Measurement "Fr" (French) Come From, and What Does It Mean? 1 French (Fr) = 0.33 mm. The French gauge system, devised by J.-F.-B. Charriere, standardizes endoscope working channel diameters and accessory sizes. Here's what every endoscopist needs to know. 
Zenker Dysphagia in an Elderly Patient